Explore how perceptions of belonging and not belonging can be influenced by connections to place

Perceptions of belonging or not belonging can be influenced by the connections to places through memories, culture, beliefs and many other aspects. Personal connections to places are the links that are the strongest, as they have a first hand account of belonging or not belonging. Jane Harrison ‘Rainbows End’ play set in the 1950’s, shows belonging or not belonging to places, predominantly through connections with culture. Also, belonging and not belonging to places is evident in the film ‘The Blind Side’ directed by John Lee Hancock, released in 2009. The links to a place is enforced by the characters passion to a sport. ‘Looking for Alibrandi† the novel, published in 1992 written by Melina Marchetta, demonstrates through culture and background connections to places and how the characters belong or not belong. The individuals in these texts are enriched and challenged by society and others. In Jane Harrison’s play, ‘Rainbows End’ the play is centred around the aboriginals being assimilated into the white society and the hardships and struggles that came along with that transition. But, characters seem to still be isolated and rejected from the white society because of their aboriginal culture. Harrison shows the depth of their belonging to a place through feelings and physical disorientation when away from where they feel home is; this is evident after the flood when they are taken away from their safe place. In Act one Nan Dear wasn’t content but she had accepted that she was forced to live in a humpy on the riverbank, she would always refer to how happy she was at the Murray Darling, or what her culture calls Cummeragunja. The repetition of Nan Dear saying this symbolises her strong connection to a place. After the flood Nan Dear and her family are forced to move again because their house was destroyed. In Act two, scene seven, Nan Dear becomes sick from being away from her home, the place she feels she belongs. The strength of Nan Dears physical and mental connection to her home is so strong that being distanced from it has made her ill. Dolly leaves Nan Dear with Errol and she says â€Å"No way I’m going to fall off my perch in his company. † By Nan Dear saying this, it highlights the cultural differences and beliefs of that time. Nan feels as though she cannot be in a ‘white’ persons presence to pass. Errol offers to drive Nan Dear to Mooroopna or the Murray so she would feel comfortable and not displaced where she is. Errol’s offer shows that through the younger generations, the mind set of segregation and downgrading of aboriginals is changing in the eyes of the ‘white’ youth. This scene shows how people can have a physical, spiritual, emotional and mental connection with a place. Through these aspects, they help the responder to get a connection with the meaning of the scene and sense of change. Similarly, in the book, ‘Looking for Alibrandi† by Melina Marchetta, Josephine’s Nonna Katia is emotionally connected to a place in Queensland from when she first moved to Australia from Italy. Her husband was absent for extended periods and she was left alone in a foreign country, unable to speak the English language. This language barrier proved to be a challenge and struggle for not only Nonna Katia but for most immigrants from that era. Katia became friends with a man, who we learn is Christina Alibrandi biological father. This link strengthens the connection she has to her place in Queensland as it reminds her of love. Katia began to felt accepted and safe in her new place, she felt like she belonged to her home and her place. Language became less of an issue and Katia grew into a liberated, independent young woman. Although her home was dirty she felt like it was hers. She says, â€Å"It was old and the floor was dirt, but it was mine. † This quote gives a sense of ownership and pride in what she belongs to. It also shows the simplicity of the time and how so little meant so much in comparison to modern day values. In ‘The blind Side’ directed by John Lee Hancock, the lead character Michael experiences belonging to a family when Leanne Tuhey takes Michael in off the street and treats him with respect and love, like no one else had ever done for him. Hancock shows Michaels differing emotions of belonging and not belonging through image flashbacks and colour changes. Hancock uses black and white images to represent his past where he did not belong and how it was a darker time for him. He then contrasts this by using colour to represent the present and how he belongs and is happy. The colour symbolises hope, happiness and perseverance through the hard times. His passion to achieve greatness leads him into a lighter future. Michael had always felt isolated from the â€Å"white† society like Nan Dear, Dolly and Gladys because of their race and background. Leanne, like Errol, saw beyond the stereotype of their race and looked at the individual and what they had to offer. Leanne is from a wealthy family and provides Michael with a room of his own. He says: Michael: â€Å"I’ve never had one before† Leanne: â€Å"your own room? † Michael: â€Å"a bed† This scene showed the viewers and Leanne how different Michael and his society lives compared to them. Michael finally felt apart of something; like he had a family and he belonged to them. Education connects people to a place through emotional memories; it also plays a role in all three texts. In ‘Rainbows End,’ Nan Dear buys Dolly encyclopaedias because she wants Dolly to be educated so she can have a good career and future. Education is important to the Tuhey family also; Michael is told that he has to bring his grades up so he can be eligible to play football. Football is used as an incentive to achieve, for the Tuhey family sport is a privilege not a right, it has to be earned. He is provided with a tutor to help with his schooling. Football is Michael’s and the Tuhey’s passion as a family and its what Michael really feels he belongs to and can excel at. Josephine Alibrandi also values education in her life as her mother and father are educated and she is on an academic scholarship at her school. School can be a factor that influences individual’s perception of belonging or not belonging. Belonging or not belonging in a school environment starts from day 1 of schooling through social cliques and hierarchies, an individuals sense of belonging or not belonging can be linked to the place they were educated. Experiences, past memories and culture can hinder or assist an individual to belong in society and to groups, including school. Michael feels displaced and unsure of where he belongs when he goes back to his family home in the ‘hood. ’ His mother had been evicted and he feels a sense of loss and abandonment. Michael has an internal conflict of love and sadness, he chases the love of a mother but is saddened by her lacking involvement and presence in his life. He is seen sitting at his former front door sobbing and alone. A similar scene is created in Rainbows End, Dolly is by the river, unsure and confused about where she belongs and who she is, and she is also sobbing. Both of these scenes show an emotional connection to a place and how their perception of belonging is altered and influenced by memories, feelings and connections to place. Perceptions of belonging or not belonging are evident in all three texts. A range of influences such as memories, culture, society and other individuals can change or mutate an individual’s perception of belonging or not belonging. A change of feelings towards belonging or not belonging is evident in all three texts as characters grow and change over the duration of the texts. Belonging or not belonging may not be clear to start with but, through different influences the characters are shaped into what they belonged or not belonged to. Their own experiences gave them knowledge or barriers towards situations resulting in them belonging or not belonging.

European Gothic Sculpture

â€Å"Name and discuss in detail two Gothic sculptures making references to the period in which they were produced, them, composition and style. Discuss briefly the role of a sculpture in a named Cathedral from the Gothic Period. † The word â€Å"Gothic† was given to the style of architecture that evolved between 1150 and 1499 in Europe. It was invented by the Renaissance historians and artists to express their negative attitude to an art they thought was barbaric. Gothic culture was urban based unlike Romanesque culture which was, for the most part, rural based.Cathedrals became retreat centers for education and political power during the Gothic period. Initially, it was slow to spread throughout Europe but it lasted for a long time. The Gothic style evolved through three distinct phases; The early or Archaic phase which retained a lot of Romanesque features such as heaviness and solidity, the middle phase which captured Gothic features and characteristics in perfect h armony and the Flamboyant phase where the features were wholly gothic and the cathedrals were mainly skeletal structures made mainly with glass.The sculptures I will discuss from the Gothic period are the Well of Moses and the tomb of Philip the Bold, both sculpted by Claus Cluster. The hexagonal â€Å"Well Of Moses†, which is now lacking the crucifixion scene it originally possessed, presents six life-sized prophets holding books, scrolls or both. The theme is that o sadness and deeper as the hexagonal base is surrounded by the figures of the six prophets who had foreseen the death of Christ on the Cross. Standing on slender colonnades on the corners between these prophets are six weeping angels.The figures, beginning with Moses, continue anti-clockwise around n subculture to David, Jeremiah, Escherichia, Daniel vigorously points to his prophecy. On the other side of Daniel, serving to balance Daniels passionate temperament, is the calm and reflective, Isaiah. This Juxtaposi tion defines Cluster's use of alternating naturalistic balances. The head and torso fragment of Christ from the Calvary reveals a power and intensity of retained expression that conveys overwhelming grandeur.Christ is portrayed as suffering and being resigned, this is epitomizes by the fact that his brow is knitted, though the lower part of his face, narrow and emancipated, is alma and free of stress. In my opinion, Moses is the most accomplished figure in this sculpture as the detail in his beard is outstanding on Cluster's behalf. He is depicted as powerful being as a result of the barely noticeable pair of horns on his forehead. The detail in his face has also been beautifully executed.The figures of the composition dominate the architectural framework but also reinforce the feeling of support that the structure provides through the figures' largeness of movement. It is unfortunate that this sculpture was damaged by weathering as a result of being coated outside and then again da maged in the 17th Century during the French Revolution as it is an extraordinary piece of work. The Tomb of Philip the Bold is located at the Dijon Cathedral in France. It was made by Claus Cluster and Claus De Were, Cluster's nephew, and commissioned by Jean De Marvel.It is an example of Cluster's latest preserved work. Jean De Marvel was only responsible for the arcaded gallery below the slab of black marble from Dianna. The theme of this sculpture is one of sorrow and death as it was created to hold the body of Duke Philip when he died. The tomb itself was not ready when Duke Philip died in 1404 and it was rather the Duke's son, Duke John the Fearless, who resides in it today. There are forty figures, each about 41 CM, that make up the mourning procession. These were either designed or executed by Cluster himself.Not all of these figures are still with the tomb, however. Three are lost, three are in the Cleveland Museum of Art and one is in a French Private Collection. These figu res are all unique as although Cluster did not invent the mourning procession, nor did he like it, he conceived some of the figures as weepers, of whom no two are alike. Some openly express sorrow while other contain their grief. However all are wrapped in heavy wool, draping garments that occasionally veil a bowed head and face to convey a hidden mourning.The style is wholly gothic and intricate as the folds in the garments of the mourners are meticulously sculpted and one could mistake them easily for being real. One of the few structures to survive the Gothic period was that of Chartres Cathedral and the Royal Portal which was integrated into the design of the Cathedral after the fire in 1194. This portal which was begun in about 1150 gives us an idea of the imagery and he technical aspects of Gothic portals which were partially inherited from Romanesque portals.The theme is a brief summing up of the CHristian doctrine of the time and it illustrates the links between the New and Old Testaments. On the jambs are he prophets and the forerunners of Christ and on the tympanums from the left to the right are depicted as the Ascension, CHrist of the Apocalypse and the Mystery of Incarnation. The harmonious appearance of the facade results from the relative proportions of the central and lateral portals, whose widths are 10:7. Although the upper parts of the portal are treated separately, two sculptural elements run horizontally across the facade, uniting its different parts.The most obvious of these are the Jamb statues attached to the columns flanking the doorways which consist of tall, slender standing figures of kings and queens from which some think the Royal Portal got its name. Some believe these figures are the past monarchs of France and others believe they are monarchs from the Old Testament. Some also believe that the term ‘Royal Portal' refers to the Virgin Mary as Queen of Heaven. The tympanum on the left portal shows Christ standing on a cloud, supported by two angels.Some see this as a depiction of the Ascension of Christ while others see it as representing the Second Coming of Christ. There are angels in the upper lintel, descending from a cloud and apparently shouting to those below. The archivists on this tympanum contain the signs of the zodiac and the labors of the months. These aspects can be seen in many different gothic portals. In the centre of the tympanum Christ is depicted as being surrounded by four symbols of the evangelists. The lintels also show the Twelve Apostles while the archivists show the twenty-four Elder of the Apocalypse.Less obvious than the Jamb statues but far more intricately carved is the image that stretches all across the fade in the sculpted capitals on top of the Jamb columns. Carved into these capitals is a very lengthy narrative depicting the life of the Virgin and the life and Passion of Christ. As we can see, this Royal Portal on the West of CHartres Cathedral is one of the more impr essive structures from the Gothic period. In conclusion, it can be clearly seen here that the sculptures from the Gothic centuries were of grandeur quality and the artwork that was executed in this time is truly amazing.

Energy drink marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Energy drink marketing - Essay Example The reason behind this social stratification is the assigning as well as performing of different tasks, jobs and responsibilities, which cannot be conducted by the individuals belonging to one single class or community of society.† (Zaidi, 1997) Thus, the societies were divided into classes even in Palaeolithic and Neolithic eras of ancient times. â€Å"Looking at different cultures of the world one finds that no human society is classless i.e. non-stratified one. There are some primitive communities so small that no class strata appear; the social organisation resting almost entirely upon age, sex and kinship; but even then their chieftainship, individual prowess and clan or family property introduce an incipient stratification. As soon as greater size and complexity are attained, stratification unmistakably appears.† (Davis & Moore, 1945) In addition, the social stratification is not confined to performing of financial activities. On the contrary, performing of politic al responsibilities and religious obligations also require division of labour and duties. â€Å"Elaborate devices are utilised to stress the identification of the person with his office—spectacular costume, abnormal conduct, special diet, segregated residence, celibacy, conspicuous leisure, and the like. (Davis & Moore, 1945; quoted in Coser, 1979) It is therefore the society divides the individuals into groups, communities, organisations and classes. If everyone obtains proper education and gets office job, no one would be there to become cobbler and hair dresser to mend the shoes and cut the hair of the people respectively. Since the present study has focused its concentration upon the... The current research was conducted by applying non-probability sampling in order to give representation to the respondents belonging to different departments, organisations, professions, and racial and ethnic groups and ages. The researcher personally visited the offices and residences of the respondents to conduct the interviews of the respondents. It was found that the companies offering more attention and care to the comforts and work performances of the employees are able to meet the present day challenges in a far better way in the current business situation, because they are in a better position of handling and satisfying their work force that is most fertile in respect of earning name and fame for the organisation. While discussing the strong affiliation with the organisation, it was found that the rewards, incentives, encouragements, motivations and promotions increased the level of affiliation among the employees and workers with the organisation. In addition, efficient, dil igent, hardworking, committed and honest personnel win the hearts of the management. An overwhelming majority of respondents declared encouragement from company as the key to success, as it psychologically bucked them up in such a way that they found themselves as representatives of their company as well. A significant proportion of the workers admitted that if their bosses had been cordial, they could have shown better performance in assignments and professional responsibilities. It was also found that working for a long time at a stretch creates stress and strain in workers. If they are offered with any revitalising drink, it would surely recover their energy level.

BLOG2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

BLOG2 - Essay Example Rather, â€Å"fag† marks failed masculinity. If masculine in demeanor, a homosexual man is not a fag; and a fag is not necessarily homosexual. Second, both the homophobia and the fag discourse are â€Å"gendered,† practiced only by boys. (Note that the boys typically think lesbians are cool). Third, both discourses are also racial. Pascoe recurrently demonstrates how masculinity models and discursive practices differ across racial groups. The relationship between adolescent masculinity and sexuality is embedded in the spectra of the faggot. Faggots represent a penetrated Masculinity in which ‘to be penetrated is to abdicate power’. Penetrated men symbolize masculinity devoid of power, this in its contradiction, threatens both psychic and social chaos. It is precisely this spectrum of penetrated masculinity that functions as a regulatory mechanism of gender for contemporary American adolescent boys. ‘Fag’ is not necessarily a static identity attached to a particular (homosexual) boy. Fag talk and fag imitations serve as a discourse with which boys discipline themselves and each other through joking relationships. Any boy can temporarily become a fag in a given social space or interaction. This does not mean that those boys who identify as or are perceived to be homosexual are not subject to intense harassment. But becoming a fag has as much to do with failing at the masculine tasks of compete nce, heterosexual prowess and strength or an anyway revealing weakness or femininity, as it does with a sexual identity. Pascoe scrupulously delineates the boundaries of these behavioral modes among boys. She presents the exceptions to the prevalent model (e.g., religious boys, and some engaged in loving relationships). Also, she makes clear that both the dramaturgy of the fag discourse and the heterosexual claims-staking are pack behavior.

UNIQLO Japan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

UNIQLO Japan - Assignment Example UNIQLO Company first established its operations in Tokyo area, and soon expanded its business premises to Osaka and other areas of Tokyo (Haghirian, 2009). The company has since improved its operations in Japan and its surroundings as it expands to other nations in the globe. Therefore, the company became known for domestic and holding enterprise that operates to attain various goals and objectives of the company. This has helped the company increase its marketing department and stores to establish other companies of the same brand in other nations (Hasegawa, 2011). It is thought that UNIQLO Company is among the top ten companies considered specialists in retail that is fast in the world market. Internationally, the company has ensured employees in various organizations experience an environment that is favorable for effective and efficient work. This has been found to encourage employees work happily and become more innovative in diverse fields they are working under in the company (Plunket Research Ltd, 2008). The company has also tried to ensure there is a high growth and improved quality of goods and services offered by the company. This has ensured various companies attain requirements of individuals from various communities, backgrounds, nations and ethnic groups. This helps improve standards of living among individuals from various nations. The success of the company has been based on good governance that has been experienced in the organization, and location of the business premises in diverse nations. Strategic placement of companies has been found to influence the success of the company. The company has established its companies in other nations like China, where the processes of growth of the company have been attained successfully. This has been influenced greatly by global market as there is a need to meet changes in technology and the market.

Matthew Ritchie The Universal Cell Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Matthew Ritchie The Universal Cell - Essay Example His work has been displayed in museums and exhibits both nationally and internationally. â€Å"The Universal Cell,† which debuted in 2006, is a fascinating metal work sculpture that represents a complex installation that appears to be interconnecting patterns and shapes that seem unending and yet, ever continuing. The piece clearly has two distinct immediate connotations that counter and oppose one another. The first is the clear representation of the artist to show the finite details and interconnectedness of the all things; like the universe, which played into the artist intentions. There appears to be unending possibility within the unending twist and turns. However, on a darker side, those same twist and turns no matter how continuing are still confined to the structure of the â€Å"cell,† giving that the perception of unending possibility is an illusion, the limits, our limits, outline the pattern. This duality of perception is, also, revealed in the visual elements of the structure. While the design is swirling shapes and patterns that are quite beau tiful, there is also a foreboding â€Å"cage-like† quality closing in around you. Even the title of the work can easily be taken as a dual meaning. There is the â€Å"cell† that exists in the human body and the physical properties of the universe that were the artist’s inspiration for the structure itself but, also, there is the type of â€Å"cell† that confines a person, like a prison.( Krunak-Hajagos 1) In the end, the â€Å"Universal Cell† by Matthew Ritchie, is the kind of artistic work that can entertain the eye and draw in a viewing audience. It is an immense, beautifully detailed, work of art, but it, also, has the potential to evoke great thought and discussion. That is a wonderful quality in an artistic piece. It is that kind of discussion that promotes ideas and encourages the sharing of prospective. Ultimately, this work is fantastically balances, both, lightness and darkness,

Negative Economic Factors on Hotel Glorious Case Study

Negative Economic Factors on Hotel Glorious - Case Study Example The effects of economic recession on businesses are in most cases negative. Consumers tend to reduce the level of expenditure. This directly impacts on the demand for the product or services of the firm. To counter this trend, the firm might decide to lower prices as a strategy to attract more customers. The result is the reduction of profit margins or sometimes the firm can record a loss. In a recession, most employees are forced to take pay cuts or sometimes lose their employment. The impact of this is that most people will find an alternative or additional work to bridge the deficit. In an attempt to do this more time is spent generating the income with less time to engage in leisure (Tribe 2007, pp 67). The only expenditures that will not be greatly affected are those that deal directly with the basic needs. Due to this fact, the leisure industry is likely to be negatively affected by the recession. The possibility of growth in the wake of a recession is very minimal. This is occ asioned by the sustained decline in demand. In the case of the Glorious hotel, economic recession would provide an oblique future in the development. The possible reaction of this hotel to a global recession would be minimal as compared to the large reputable hotels in the leisure business. First, the hotel is run by the family. This implies that the motivation of the labor force to achieve the objective of profitability will not be affected to a greater percentage. The hotel can see the significant reduction in productivity at lower employees but the general level of service remains constant due to family management.

Religion and Theology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Religion and Theology - Essay Example Religion typically appeals to emotional values of a person as opposed to the intellectual values. Believers always tend to think that an emotional reason for believers is not worthy. A person may be identified according to his/her religion in many ways, such as the dressing codes, the speech of a person and their lifestyle. You can identify a person religion due to the way the person dresses, some religion are strict in the believer’s mode of dressing and therefore are against other types of dressing while others do not care about the dressing mode.the speech of a person can also make you to differentiate people according to their religion for instance Muslims usually include Muhammad in between their conversations while Christians include Jesus Christ, this can help one to differentiate between a Muslim and a Christian. The name of a person can suggest the religion of the respective person (Neusner, 304). For instance the Christians name their children according to the names in the bible. This are only but a few ways one can be identified in regard to the religion he/she belongs to. Despite the difference in religions and beliefs most people believe in on e true God. Muslim is one among the many religions. The Muslims believe in Muhammad as the messenger of God. They believe in Quran as the only revelation that is not changed with human influence. Though they agree that there are other revelation but they argue that the other revelation have been altered with time thus remaining with the Quran as the perfect one. The Muslims are tied up by various religious concepts and practices this includes fasting in various seasons such as the Ramadan and alms giving. During their fasting period they dedicate themselves in helping the poor and the needy, this is not usually considered as a charity work thus it is a religious requirement that must be respected by all Muslims. They usually take this as the best moment to be near to God and do his work. Their fasting always starts from dawn and ends at dusk at wich time they ought not to take anything even a drink, pregnant women and the sick people are usually exempted from the fasting because the y can not stay for long hours without food. They always pray five times in a day, the five pillars of worship has always been the concept of worship and they stick unto it. Their religion also insists that one must have a trip to Mecca once in a one’s lifetime, at the least. The rituals done during the trip to Mecca include having a walk seven times rounds the Kaaba, if possible one should make sure he/she touches the black stone, they usually run in between mount. Safa and mount marwa seven times continuous, in addition to the above rituals a Muslim is also supposed to symbolically stone the devil in mina. They not only assemble in the mosque for their prayers but also meet there to study different things in regard to life. Children classes are also held in the mosque, Muslims always believe that a child should be taught while still young. When going to the toilet the Muslims usually carries a jerican of water to wash themselves, they do this to maintain cleanliness unlike m any religions that their believers use the tissue papers. This seems so interesting but attending their worshipping service is more interesting though not easy if you are a non Muslim to be granted the permission. The Muslims worship every Friday at 1.00 pm, before starting their worshiping session the women are separated from the men. They always have strict rules regarding fornication and hence prevent the intermingling of men and women to the greatest extent possible. This is why they usually separates them during the worshipping session to

Reasons why the world loved Mohammed Ali Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Reasons why the world loved Mohammed Ali - Essay Example nd the defeat of the most famous George Foreman catapulted his fame to reach across all nations in the world making him become a legend in the eyes of the people (Sina 4). Ali gained popularity mainly in the 1960s and 1970s in countries that were considered developing and when he had an interview with Playboy Magazine, he mentioned certain nations which were later on present in the Bandung unity conference, which was meant to intensify the purpose of unity among black people against the Europeans. Most of the countries that Ali mentioned were predominantly Islamic and they attended the conference in large numbers. During the period in which Ali was the controlling world boxing champion, he not only became the most popular Muslim American, but also became the most loved and famous Muslim in the entire universe because he fought against racism and injustice by the administration. Muhammad Ali can be considered as a person who confronted the United States liberation with Islam with the exception of the fact that no one exactly knew the type Muhammad Ali was at the time. The only visible evidence is the manner in which he strongly protested the thought of being an American citizen while at the same time he defended his beliefs as his protected rights. Ali was of the opinion that white people were demons and Allah was a black God who would give black people revenge from showing good deeds during their period on earth (Micklos 8). In as much as his thoughts could be seen as Islamic views, they were no different from those of messianic Black Nationalism. In this regard, Muhammad Ali and his Islamic faith may have served as a motivation to suspect the West of being oppressive instead of being thankful to them. Muhammad Ali became famous and loved in the colored universe after the Second World War for many reasons. Ali combined action and protest showing a strong sense, rare pride and strong racial remarks on his abilities. At the time, most black people cowed away due